Humanities with Mrs. Martin: Hannah's Notes (last week's, sorry I was a little slow on the upload)

Lincoln wins the election because he chose a vice president, Johnson, from a border state.
Johnson is not a very good president. (REALLY BAD)

Industrial Society (p486-487)

Civil War fought by farmers
1898 America= Industrial Nation
People flocked to settle in cities. Cities grew. Economic and technological change came swiftly.
Industrial employment opened up many jobs.
These changes challenged individualism.
Large armies were dispatched to subdue Indians.
Growing bands of reformers clamored for government regulation oof private enterprise.
Americans struggled to adapt old ideals of private autonomy to the new realities of industrial civilization.
With economic change came social and political turmoil.
Labor violence brought bloodshed.
Small farmers were squeezed by debt and foreign competition and rallied behind the peoples or populous party, a radical movement of the 1880’s and 1890’s, that attacked the power of wall street, big businesses, and the bank.
Anti-immigration sentiment swelled
Indians lost land and buffalo herds
South is largely untouched by the industrial revolution
New wealth and power of Industrial America nurtured a growing sense of national self-confidence

Reconstruction

Presidential reconstruction: 10% plan: Once a seceded states’ 10% (of the number of voters in the 1860 pre-war election) pledged to abide by emancipation, they could enter the Union
Congressional reconstruction: Wade-Davis Bill: Required 50% of state to pledge allegiance to get into Union
Some radicals are happy when Lincoln is assassinated because they wanted harsher punishment for the South, others happy because they think Johnson will be soft on south. However, they were let down with Johnson because he followed Lincoln’s ideas
Black Codes

Divided South into 5 military districts each commanded by Union general and policed by blue clad soldiers, about 20 thousand in all
Stringent conditions for readmission of seceded states
Usurped certain functions of the President as Commander-in-Chief, but set up a marshall regime of dubious legality

Republicans feared Democrats would join with South and win control of Congress
Johnson disturbed the Congressional Republicans by announcing that the recently rebellious states had satisfied his conditions and that in his view the Union was now restored
The clash between him and Congress exploded into the open when he vetoed a bill extending the life of the Controversial Freedman’s Bureau

Blacks have no skill, no knowledge to be free, so they created Freedman’s Bureau

Oliver Odhalon created it
40 acres and a mule, never happened
Carpetbaggers: A term Southerners used for Northerners who settled in the South during the Reconstruction era
Taught Blacks to read
South hated it and Johnson hated it, it eventually stopped in 1872

Before Restoration, the Republicans wanted it’s social structure uprooted, the haughty planters punished, and the newly emancipated Blacks protected by Federal Power
Secretly happy when Lincoln was killed
Lincoln vs. Radical Republican

The Gilded Age

Called so because it was “painted over in Gold” not actually as great as it sounds, only appears so -given the satirical title by Mark Twain
Railroad building creates jobs
Goldrush causes western migration
People in Riches

Americans were mad that the Chinese took many of the jobs also by 1882 the Railroads were pretty much finished so the Chinese weren’t needed as bad

Birthright Citizenship: When a person becomes a citizen because they were born in the country

Humanities with Mrs. Martin